Model Integrasi Keputusan Lokasi, Perutean Kendaraan, dan Pengendalian Persediaan Pada Sistem Rantai Pasok Tiga Eselon
Abstract
Keputusan lokasi, perutean kendaraan, dan kebijakan persediaan merupakan keputusan yang saling terkait satu dengan yang lain. Keputusan pengendalian persediaan, seperti ukuran lot pemesanan dan frekuensi pemesanan akan mempengaruhi baik itu ongkos persediaan dan ongkos transportasi. Sebagai contoh, pengiriman dalam kuantitas yang sedikit dan frekuensi yang sering menyebabkan pengurangan ongkos persediaan tetapi membutuhkan tambahan ongkos transportasi. Selanjutnya, keputusan perutean dan keputusan pengendalian persediaan akan mempengaruhi keputusan pemilihan lokasi sebab pemilihan lokasi ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria ongkos sistem minimum. Kegagalan dalam melibatkan ongkos persediaan dan ongkos transportasi ke dalam pertimbangan ketika memilih lokasi dapat menyebabkan sub-optimalitas sebab keputusan pemilihan lokasi memiliki dampak yang besar pada ongkos persediaan dan ongkos transportasi. Oleh karena itu, bagaimana memilih lokasi, menentukan rute kendaraan, dan mengendalikan persediaan yang optimal menjadi isu yang penting dalam merancang sebuah sistem logistik. Penelitian ini mengembangkan model integrasi yang secara simultan mengoptimisasikan keputusan lokasi, rute kendaraan, dan pengendalian persediaan pada sistem rantai pasok tiga eselon yang belum pernah dikembangkan sebelumnya. Entitas yang terlibat dalam rantai pasok kajian terdiri dari satu Pemasok, multi Depot, dan multi Ritel. Karakteristik permintaan yang dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian ini bersifat probabilistik dan jumlah produk terdiri dari satu produk. Model integrasi yang dikembangkan selanjutnya dipecahkan dengan metode optimal dan metode heuristik. Setelah dilakukan perbandingan dengan model dekomposisi diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa model integrasi menghasilkan ongkos total sistem yang lebih kecil.Metrics
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